[skip changelog] Sync install script with template (#1396)

* [skip changelog] Bring shell scripts into compliance with standard formatting

A standardized style for all Arduino Tooling shell scripts has been established. The `.editorconfig` file is updated
accordingly and all the repository's scripts made compliant with it.

* [skip changelog] Sync install script with template

We have assembled a collection of reusable project assets:
https://github.com/arduino/tooling-project-assets
These assets will be used in the repositories of all Arduino tooling projects.

Some minor improvements and standardizations have been made in the upstream "template" installation script, and those are
introduced to this repository via this pull request.

Notable:

- ShellCheck compliance
- Support for specifying nightly build versions (e.g., "nightly-latest") via the script argument
- Remove cryptic output not of interest to the user (likely forgotten debug artifacts from script development)

.editorconfig

@@ -19,6 +19,6 @@ indent_size = 4
 indent_style = space
 indent_size = 2
 
-[*.sh]
-indent_style = tab
-indent_size = 4
+[*.{bash,sh}]
+indent_size = 2
+indent_style = space

.github/tools/fetch_athena_stats.sh

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 
 set -euo pipefail
 
-! read -r -d '' query << EOM
+! read -r -d '' query <<EOM
 select
 replace(url_extract_path("d.url"), '/arduino-cli/arduino-cli_', '') as flavor,
 count("id") as gauge
@@ -27,40 +27,42 @@ group by 1
 EOM
 
 queryExecutionId=$(
-aws athena start-query-execution \
---query-string "${query}" \
---query-execution-context "Database=demo_books" \
---result-configuration "OutputLocation=${AWS_ATHENA_OUTPUT_LOCATION}" \
---region us-east-1 | jq -r ".QueryExecutionId"
+  aws athena start-query-execution \
+    --query-string "${query}" \
+    --query-execution-context "Database=demo_books" \
+    --result-configuration "OutputLocation=${AWS_ATHENA_OUTPUT_LOCATION}" \
+    --region us-east-1 | jq -r ".QueryExecutionId"
 )
 
 echo "QueryExecutionId is ${queryExecutionId}"
 for i in $(seq 1 120); do
-  queryState=$( aws athena get-query-execution \
+  queryState=$(
+    aws athena get-query-execution \
       --query-execution-id "${queryExecutionId}" \
       --region us-east-1 | jq -r ".QueryExecution.Status.State"
-  );
+  )
 
   if [[ "${queryState}" == "SUCCEEDED" ]]; then
-      break;
-  fi;
+    break
+  fi
 
   echo "QueryExecutionId ${queryExecutionId} - state is ${queryState}"
 
   if [[ "${queryState}" == "FAILED" ]]; then
-      exit 1;
-  fi;
+    exit 1
+  fi
 
   sleep 2
 done
 
 echo "Query succeeded. Processing data"
-queryResult=$( aws athena get-query-results \
---query-execution-id "${queryExecutionId}" \
---region us-east-1 | jq --compact-output
-);
+queryResult=$(
+  aws athena get-query-results \
+    --query-execution-id "${queryExecutionId}" \
+    --region us-east-1 | jq --compact-output
+)
 
-! read -r -d '' jsonTemplate << EOM
+! read -r -d '' jsonTemplate <<EOM
 {
 "type": "gauge",
 "name": "arduino.downloads.total",
@@ -78,8 +80,8 @@ EOM
 
 datapoints="["
 for row in $(echo "${queryResult}" | jq 'del(.ResultSet.Rows[0])' | jq -r '.ResultSet.Rows[] | .Data' --compact-output); do
-  value=$(jq -r ".[1].VarCharValue" <<< "${row}")
-  tag=$(jq -r ".[0].VarCharValue" <<< "${row}")
+  value=$(jq -r ".[1].VarCharValue" <<<"${row}")
+  tag=$(jq -r ".[0].VarCharValue" <<<"${row}")
   # Some splitting to obtain 0.6.0, Windows, 32bit elements from string 0.6.0_Windows_32bit.zip
   split=($(echo "$tag" | tr '_' '\n'))
   if [[ ${#split[@]} -ne 3 ]]; then
@@ -90,4 +92,4 @@ for row in $(echo "${queryResult}" | jq 'del(.ResultSet.Rows[0])' | jq -r '.Resu
 done
 datapoints="${datapoints::-1}]"
 
-echo "::set-output name=result::$(jq --compact-output <<< "${datapoints}")"
+echo "::set-output name=result::$(jq --compact-output <<<"${datapoints}")"

docs/installation.md

-### Install via Homebrew (macOS/Linux)
+<!-- Source: https://github.com/arduino/tooling-project-assets/blob/main/other/installation-script/installation.md -->
+
+## Install via Homebrew (macOS/Linux)
 
 The Arduino CLI is available as a Homebrew formula since version `0.5.0`:
 
@@ -7,34 +9,34 @@ brew update
 brew install arduino-cli
 ```
 
-#### Command line completion
+### Command line completion
 
 [Command line completion](command-line-completion.md#brew) files are already bundled in the homebrew installation.
 
-### Use the install script
+## Use the install script
 
-The script requires `sh`. This is always available on Linux and macOS. `sh` is not available by default on Windows. The
-script may be run on Windows by installing [Git for Windows], then running it from Git Bash.
+The script requires `sh`, which is always available on Linux and macOS. `sh` is not available by default on Windows. The
+script can be run on Windows by installing [Git for Windows](https://gitforwindows.org/), then running it from Git Bash.
 
 This script will install the latest version of Arduino CLI to `$PWD/bin`:
 
-```sh
+```
 curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/arduino/arduino-cli/master/install.sh | sh
 ```
 
 If you want to target a different directory, for example `~/local/bin`, set the `BINDIR` environment variable like this:
 
-```sh
+```
 curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/arduino/arduino-cli/master/install.sh | BINDIR=~/local/bin sh
 ```
 
 If you would like to use the `arduino-cli` command from any location, install Arduino CLI to a directory already in your
 `PATH` or add the Arduino CLI installation path to your `PATH` environment variable.
 
-If you want to download a specific arduino-cli version, for example `0.9.0`, pass the version number as a parameter like
-this:
+If you want to download a specific Arduino CLI version, for example `0.9.0` or `nightly-latest`, pass the version number
+as a parameter like this:
 
-```sh
+```
 curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/arduino/arduino-cli/master/install.sh | sh -s 0.9.0
 ```
 
@@ -45,22 +47,22 @@ Pre-built binaries for all the supported platforms are available for download fr
 If you would like to use the `arduino-cli` command from any location, extract the downloaded file to a directory already
 in your `PATH` or add the Arduino CLI installation path to your `PATH` environment variable.
 
-#### Latest packages
+#### Latest release
 
 | Platform  |                      |                      |
-| --------- | ------------------ | ------------------ |
-| Linux     | [Linux 32 bit]     | [Linux 64 bit]     |
-| Linux ARM | [Linux ARM 32 bit] | [Linux ARM 64 bit] |
-| Windows   | [Windows 32 bit]   | [Windows 64 bit]   |
-| Mac OSX   |                    | [Mac OSX]          |
-
-[linux 64 bit]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/arduino-cli_latest_Linux_64bit.tar.gz
-[linux 32 bit]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/arduino-cli_latest_Linux_32bit.tar.gz
-[linux arm 64 bit]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/arduino-cli_latest_Linux_ARM64.tar.gz
-[linux arm 32 bit]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/arduino-cli_latest_Linux_ARMv7.tar.gz
-[windows 64 bit]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/arduino-cli_latest_Windows_64bit.zip
-[windows 32 bit]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/arduino-cli_latest_Windows_32bit.zip
-[mac osx]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/arduino-cli_latest_macOS_64bit.tar.gz
+| --------- | -------------------- | -------------------- |
+| Linux     | [32 bit][linux32]    | [64 bit][linux64]    |
+| Linux ARM | [32 bit][linuxarm32] | [64 bit][linuxarm64] |
+| Windows   | [32 bit][windows32]  | [64 bit][windows64]  |
+| macOS     |                      | [64 bit][macos]      |
+
+[linux64]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/arduino-cli_latest_Linux_64bit.tar.gz
+[linux32]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/arduino-cli_latest_Linux_32bit.tar.gz
+[linuxarm64]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/arduino-cli_latest_Linux_ARM64.tar.gz
+[linuxarm32]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/arduino-cli_latest_Linux_ARMv7.tar.gz
+[windows64]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/arduino-cli_latest_Windows_64bit.zip
+[windows32]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/arduino-cli_latest_Windows_32bit.zip
+[macos]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/arduino-cli_latest_macOS_64bit.tar.gz
 
 > **Deprecation notice**: links in the form
 > `http://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/arduino-cli-latest-<platform>.tar.bz2` won’t be further updated. That URL
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ in your `PATH` or add the Arduino CLI installation path to your `PATH` environme
 
 #### Previous versions
 
-These are available from the [releases page](https://github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/releases)
+These are available from the "Assets" sections on the [releases page](https://github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/releases).
 
 #### Nightly builds
 
@@ -76,44 +78,27 @@ These builds are generated every day at 01:00 GMT from the `master` branch and s
 to get the latest nightly build available for the supported platform, use the following links:
 
 | Platform  |                              |                              |
-| --------- | -------------------------- | -------------------------- |
-| Linux     | [Nightly Linux 32 bit]     | [Nightly Linux 64 bit]     |
-| Linux ARM | [Nightly Linux ARM 32 bit] | [Nightly Linux ARM 64 bit] |
-| Windows   | [Nightly Windows 32 bit]   | [Nightly Windows 64 bit]   |
-| Mac OSX   |                            | [Nightly Mac OSX]          |
-
-[nightly linux 64 bit]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/nightly/arduino-cli_nightly-latest_Linux_64bit.tar.gz
-[nightly linux 32 bit]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/nightly/arduino-cli_nightly-latest_Linux_32bit.tar.gz
-
-<!-- prettier-ignore -->
-[nightly linux arm 64 bit]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/nightly/arduino-cli_nightly-latest_Linux_ARM64.tar.gz
-
-<!-- prettier-ignore -->
-[nightly linux arm 32 bit]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/nightly/arduino-cli_nightly-latest_Linux_ARMv7.tar.gz
-[nightly windows 64 bit]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/nightly/arduino-cli_nightly-latest_Windows_64bit.zip
-[nightly windows 32 bit]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/nightly/arduino-cli_nightly-latest_Windows_32bit.zip
-[nightly mac osx]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/nightly/arduino-cli_nightly-latest_macOS_64bit.tar.gz
+| --------- | ---------------------------- | ---------------------------- |
+| Linux     | [32 bit][linux32-nightly]    | [64 bit][linux64-nightly]    |
+| Linux ARM | [32 bit][linuxarm32-nightly] | [64 bit][linuxarm64-nightly] |
+| Windows   | [32 bit][windows32-nightly]  | [64 bit][windows64-nightly]  |
+| macOS     |                              | [64 bit][macos-nightly]      |
+
+[linux64-nightly]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/nightly/arduino-cli_nightly-latest_Linux_64bit.tar.gz
+[linux32-nightly]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/nightly/arduino-cli_nightly-latest_Linux_32bit.tar.gz
+[linuxarm64-nightly]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/nightly/arduino-cli_nightly-latest_Linux_ARM64.tar.gz
+[linuxarm32-nightly]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/nightly/arduino-cli_nightly-latest_Linux_ARMv7.tar.gz
+[windows64-nightly]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/nightly/arduino-cli_nightly-latest_Windows_64bit.zip
+[windows32-nightly]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/nightly/arduino-cli_nightly-latest_Windows_32bit.zip
+[macos-nightly]: https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/nightly/arduino-cli_nightly-latest_macOS_64bit.tar.gz
 
 > These links return a `302: Found` response, redirecting to latest generated builds by replacing `latest` with the
-> latest available build date, using the format YYYYMMDD (i.e for 2019/Aug/06 `latest` is replaced with `20190806` )
+> latest available build date, using the format YYYYMMDD (i.e for 2019-08-06 `latest` is replaced with `20190806` )
 
 Checksums for the nightly builds are available at
 `https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-cli/nightly/nightly-<DATE>-checksums.txt`
 
 ### Build from source
 
-If you’re familiar with Golang or if you want to contribute to the project, you will probably build the `arduino-cli`
-locally with your Go toolchain. Please refer to the [CONTRIBUTING] document for setup instructions.
-
-If you don’t have a working Golang environment or if you want to build `arduino-cli` targeting different platforms, you
-can use [Task][task-site] to get a binary directly from sources. From the project folder run:
-
-```sh
-task dist:all
-```
-
-Once the build is over, you will find a `./dist/` folder containing the packages built out of the current source tree.
-
-[git for windows]: https://gitforwindows.org/
-[contributing]: CONTRIBUTING.md
-[task-site]: https://taskfile.dev/#/installation
+If you're familiar with Golang or if you want to contribute to the project, you will probably build Arduino CLI locally
+with your Go toolchain. See the ["How to contribute"](CONTRIBUTING.md#building-the-source-code) page for instructions.