Added `upload --upload-field key=value` flag to set upload fields value (#2348)

* Added 'upload' flags to set upload fields value

* Introducing key/value flag type

internal/cli/arguments/key_value.go

+// This file is part of arduino-cli.
+//
+// Copyright 2023 ARDUINO SA (http://www.arduino.cc/)
+//
+// This software is released under the GNU General Public License version 3,
+// which covers the main part of arduino-cli.
+// The terms of this license can be found at:
+// https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html
+//
+// You can be released from the requirements of the above licenses by purchasing
+// a commercial license. Buying such a license is mandatory if you want to
+// modify or otherwise use the software for commercial activities involving the
+// Arduino software without disclosing the source code of your own applications.
+// To purchase a commercial license, send an email to license@arduino.cc.
+
+package arguments
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// AddKeyValuePFlag adds a flag to the command that accepts a (possibly repeated) key=value pair.
+func AddKeyValuePFlag(cmd *cobra.Command, field *map[string]string, name, shorthand string, value []string, usage string) {
+	cmd.Flags().VarP(newKVArrayValue(value, field), name, shorthand, usage)
+}
+
+type kvArrayValue struct {
+	value   *map[string]string
+	changed bool
+}
+
+func newKVArrayValue(val []string, p *map[string]string) *kvArrayValue {
+	ssv := &kvArrayValue{
+		value: p,
+	}
+	for _, v := range val {
+		ssv.Set(v)
+	}
+	ssv.changed = false
+	return ssv
+}
+
+func (s *kvArrayValue) Set(arg string) error {
+	split := strings.SplitN(arg, "=", 2)
+	if len(split) != 2 {
+		return errors.New("required format is 'key=value'")
+	}
+	k, v := split[0], split[1]
+	if k == "" {
+		return errors.New("key cannot be empty")
+	}
+	if !s.changed {
+		// Remove the default value
+		*s.value = make(map[string]string)
+		s.changed = true
+	}
+	if _, ok := (*s.value)[k]; ok {
+		return errors.New("duplicate key: " + k)
+	}
+	(*s.value)[k] = v
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *kvArrayValue) Type() string {
+	return "key=value"
+}
+
+func (s *kvArrayValue) String() string {
+	if len(*s.value) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	res := "["
+	for k, v := range *s.value {
+		res += fmt.Sprintf("%s=%s, ", k, v)
+	}
+	return res[:len(res)-2] + "]"
+}

internal/cli/upload/upload.go

@@ -51,16 +51,21 @@ var (
 
 // NewCommand created a new `upload` command
 func NewCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	uploadFields := map[string]string{}
 	uploadCommand := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "upload",
 		Short: tr("Upload Arduino sketches."),
 		Long:  tr("Upload Arduino sketches. This does NOT compile the sketch prior to upload."),
-		Example: "  " + os.Args[0] + " upload /home/user/Arduino/MySketch",
+		Example: "" +
+			"  " + os.Args[0] + " upload /home/user/Arduino/MySketch -p /dev/ttyACM0 -b arduino:avr:uno\n" +
+			"  " + os.Args[0] + " upload -p 192.168.10.1 -b arduino:avr:uno --upload-field password=abc",
 		Args: cobra.MaximumNArgs(1),
 		PreRun: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 			arguments.CheckFlagsConflicts(cmd, "input-file", "input-dir")
 		},
-		Run: runUploadCommand,
+		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+			runUploadCommand(args, uploadFields)
+		},
 	}
 
 	fqbnArg.AddToCommand(uploadCommand)
@@ -73,10 +78,11 @@ func NewCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	programmer.AddToCommand(uploadCommand)
 	uploadCommand.Flags().BoolVar(&dryRun, "dry-run", false, tr("Do not perform the actual upload, just log out actions"))
 	uploadCommand.Flags().MarkHidden("dry-run")
+	arguments.AddKeyValuePFlag(uploadCommand, &uploadFields, "upload-field", "F", nil, tr("Set a value for a field required to upload."))
 	return uploadCommand
 }
 
-func runUploadCommand(command *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+func runUploadCommand(args []string, uploadFieldsArgs map[string]string) {
 	logrus.Info("Executing `arduino-cli upload`")
 
 	path := ""
@@ -147,6 +153,17 @@ func runUploadCommand(command *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 
 	fields := map[string]string{}
 	if len(userFieldRes.UserFields) > 0 {
+		if len(uploadFieldsArgs) > 0 {
+			// If the user has specified some fields via cmd-line, we don't ask for them
+			for _, field := range userFieldRes.UserFields {
+				if value, ok := uploadFieldsArgs[field.Name]; ok {
+					fields[field.Name] = value
+				} else {
+					feedback.Fatal(tr("Missing required upload field: %s", field.Name), feedback.ErrBadArgument)
+				}
+			}
+		} else {
+			// Otherwise prompt the user for them
 			feedback.Print(tr("Uploading to specified board using %s protocol requires the following info:", port.Protocol))
 			if f, err := arguments.AskForUserFields(userFieldRes.UserFields); err != nil {
 				msg := fmt.Sprintf("%s: %s", tr("Error getting user input"), err)
@@ -155,6 +172,7 @@ func runUploadCommand(command *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 				fields = f
 			}
 		}
+	}
 
 	if sketchPath != nil {
 		path = sketchPath.String()